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Описание: Railway museum at Rizhsky Railway Station. Moscow. Музей железнодорожной техники на Рижском вокзале. Москва. www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGLi7brO3hA In Soviet Union the largest fleet of 4-8-4's was the P36 class of the SZD (Sovetskie Zheleznye Dorogi or Soviet Railways), with 251 examples built from 1949 to 1956. As the last Russian standard class steam locomotive, they shared some common components and design attributes with the earlier standard designs, the L class 2-10-0 and LV 2-10-2, plus common attributes with the P34 2-6-6-2 Mallet and P38 2-8-8-4 Mallet. For example, the P36 and LV-classes shared the same feedwater heater made by the Bryansk machine factory. They were the only semi-streamlined steam locomotives built in Russia, although a trio of fully streamlined 4-6-4 locomotives were built. They were one of the best classes of passenger steam locomotives built in Soviet Union. They had boilers of 243.2 m2, worked on 15 kgf/cm2 (1.5 MPa) boiler pressure. Russian-designed roller bearings were fitted throughout, and the boilers were designed to provide continuous steaming capacity of 57 kg for each square meter of heating surface on boiler. The 1850 mm driving wheels could easily provide speeds up to 125 km/h and the 575 x 800 mm cylinders proved to be satisfactory with passenger train up to 800 tons. Class P36 appeared at first on the Oktyabrskaya Railway to haul principal express trains between Moscow and Leningrad. But they were very short lived on this 650 km main line. The diesels took over after only a couple of years and the P36 locomotives were transferred to other railways. At first they worked on Moscow–Kursk, Moscow–Ryazan, Kalinin, October, Krasnoyarsk, Belorussian, Stalin (Melitopol depot), Kuibyshev, and Northern (Alexandrov depot) Railways. Later, when the electrification and dieselization expanded, many of the class P36 locomotives were transferred to work on Lvov, Far East, Eastern Siberia, and Transbaikal Railways. The last were withdrawn in 1974 from regular scheduled express passenger train service. All were stored in full working order for times of extraordinary demand. It was common that at certain intervals the engines were taken out from store, steamed up and coupled to trains to haul them to test the condition of the locomotives. Only in the late 1980s were these "strategic reserves" of locomotives disbanded and the P36 locomotives were distributed for museums and for preservation. Some, without regular use for more than 15 years, which were in the worst mechanical condition, were scrapped. It was found that the roller bearings suffered most by standing unused. When the computerised new class numbers were introduced by MPS class P36 become class 1000.001 -1000.0251 with a control digit. In the 1990s, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, a number were sold to private train operators. P36 Technical Details Class:P36 Wheel arrangement: 4-8-4 Built: Kolomna 1954 Maximum design speed: 125 kph (77.7 mph) Boiler Pressure: 213 lbs per sq in (15 bar) Cylinders (2): 22 5/8" x 31 1/2" Power: 3,125 hp Weight in working order: 245 tonnes Axle weight: 18 tonnes Height: 17' 6" Width: 10' 6" Length: 98' 2" Roller Bearings: throughout Driving Wheels: 6' 0 3/4" Grate area: 72.6 square feet Fuel: 24 tonnes coal, mechanical stoker Water: 10,000 gallons

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